Working on a car can be dangerous, use utmost care and
caution should be practiced. Always use good quality jack stands on a
solid surface before beginning any work. Brakes should only be serviced by
a trained professional. This article is to show you the proper procedures
and not intended as a manual for you to follow.
The author has
no responsibility for the end result, again Brakes Should Only Be Serviced by a
Trained Professional.
NOTE: NEVER REPLACE THE PADS ON ONE SIDE ONLY! ALWAYS REPLACE
PADS ON BOTH WHEELS AS A SET!
- Raise and support the front end on
jack stands.
| Fig. 1: Finger and shoe retainer flange locations
|
- Remove the wheels.
| Fig. 2: The wheel must be removed for access to the
front brake components
|
- Remove the caliper retaining clips and anti-rattle
springs by removing the bolt as shown in Fig 3.
| Fig. 3: Loosen the retaining clip bolt with the proper
size socket
|
| Fig. 4: After loosening, unthread the bolt and place it
where it will be easily found for installation
|
- Remove the caliper from the disc by slowly sliding the caliper and brake
pad assembly out and away from the disc. Do not damage the flexible brake
hose.
| Fig. 5: Carefully slide the caliper away
|
- Drain some of the fluid from the master cylinder.
As you push the piston back to make room for the thicker new pads the fluid
will push back into the master cylinder and overflow, be aware of this and
remember.....Brake Fluid eats Paint and Asphalt
| Fig. 6: Once the caliper is free of the rotor and
mounting, the brake pads may be removed
|
| Fig. 7: Exploded view of a sliding caliper assembly
|
- Remove the outboard pad from the caliper by prying between the pad and the
caliper fingers. Remove the inboard pad from the caliper support by the same
method. DO NOT depress the brake pedal with the pads removed!
- Push the pistons to the bottom of their bores. This may be done with a
large C-clamp or a pair of large pliers by placing a flat metal bar against
the pistons and depressing the pistons with a steady force. This operation
will displace some of the fluid in the master cylinder.
DO NOT use a hammer
| Fig. 8: Attaching the shoe to the caliper fingers with
a C-clamp
|
Once you've removed the old pads you'll see
the wear marks where the caliper slides. Use a wire brush and even some
sandpaper to clean these contact points and lightly grease them before
installing the new pads. Also check the dust boots for cracks and
internal leaks, there should be no brake fluid behind the dust boot.
- Slide the new pads onto the caliper and caliper support. The ears of the
pad should rest on the bridges of the caliper. It's important that the
pad be tight and locked to the caliper, bend the ears as shown in both
directions so the pad locks tight, this will help prevent any squealing.
DO NOT hit friction material with the hammer to fit the pad, this will damage
it and cause premature wear and possible failure resulting in injury or
possibly death.
| Fig. 9: Bending the outboard shoe retainer flange
|
- Install the caliper on the disc and install the caliper retaining clips,
pins and anti-rattle springs. Pump the brake pedal until it is firm.
Clean everything with a wire wheel or brush and use a drop of Loc-Tite blue on
the retaining spring bolts, tork to spec.
Pump the
pedal slowly a little at a time until you get a firm pedal, a hard quick pump
will switch the proportioning valve over to two wheel brakes and you'll have
hard time getting it back into balance. If the brake light comes on you
went too far too fast.
| Fig. 10: Install the retaining clip with the pads and
caliper in position — now where did you put the bolt?
|
- Check the fluid level in the master cylinder and add fluid as needed.
- Install the wheels.
- Road test the truck. Although the vehicle may pull to one
side slightly, the
pull should disappear shortly as the pads wear in.
- Remove and discard some of the fluid from the master cylinder without
contaminating the contents to avoid overflow later on.
- Support the vehicle on jackstands. Remove the wheels.
| Fig. 11: Bendix caliper adapter, steering knuckle
adaptor
|
| Fig. 12: Before removing the caliper, use a C-clamp to
carefully bottom the piston in its bore
|
- Put an 8 in. (203mm) C-clamp over the caliper and use it to push the outer
pad in and pull the caliper out. This bottoms the caliper piston in its bore.
| Fig. 13: Use a C-clamp to carefully bottom the piston
|
- Remove the key retaining screw. Drive the caliper support key and spring
out toward the outside, using a brass drift.
| Fig. 14: Use a hammer and brass drift to tap out the
support key and spring
|
| Fig. 15: Bendix front disc unit
|
- Push the caliper down and rotate the upper end up and out. Support the
caliper, so as not to damage the brake hose.
- Remove the outer pad from the caliper. You may have to tap it to loosen
it. Remove the inner pad, removing the anti-rattle clip from the lower end of
the shoe.
| Fig. 16: Removal of the inner pad from the adapter
|
To install:
- Thoroughly clean the sliding contact areas on the caliper and spindle
assembly.
- Put the new anti-rattle clip on the lower end of the new inner pad. Put
the pad and clip in the pad abutment with the clip tab against the abutment
and the loop-type spring away from the disc. Compress the clip and slide the
upper end of the pad into place.
- If the caliper piston isn't bottomed, bottom it with a C-clamp.
- The replacement outer pad may differ slightly from the original equipment.
Put the outer pad in place and press the tabs into place with your fingers.
You can press the tabs in with a C-clamp, but be careful of the lining.
| Fig. 17: Press the outboard pad onto the caliper, but
make sure you protect the pad with a wooden block
|
- Position the caliper on the spindle assembly by pivoting it around the
upper mounting surface. Be careful of the boot.
- Use a prytool to hold the upper machined surface of the caliper against
the support assembly. Drive a new key and spring assembly into place with a
plastic mallet. Install the retaining screw and tighten to 12–20 ft. lbs.
(16–27 Nm).
| Fig. 18: Install the caliper over the disc into the
upper mating groove
|
| Fig. 19: Install the key and spring on the caliper
|
- Replace the wheels and tires and lower the truck to the floor. Fill the
master cylinder as specified in Section 1. Depress the brake pedal firmly
several times to seat the pads on the disc. Don't drive until you get a firm
pedal.
- Raise the vehicle and remove the wheel.
- Remove the guide pins, positioners, and anti-rattle spring.
- Slowly slide the caliper assembly away from the rotor.
NOTE: Support the caliper to prevent damage to brake hose.
- Remove the disc pads, guide pin bushings, and positioners, discard of the
bushings and positioners.
To install:
- Check the piston seal for leaks and inspect the dust boot for damage.
- Inspect the piston for damage or corrosion.
- Check for corrosion or rust on the mating surfaces of the caliper and
anchor plate.
- Install new guide pin bushings with flanged end toward outside of vehicle.
- Bottom piston into cylinder bore and install pads.
NOTE: Be sure the metal portion of pad is fully seated in
recess of caliper and anchor plate.
- Carefully slide caliper assembly into position over rotor.
- Install new positioners over guide pins with open ends towards outside and
stamped arrows pointing up.
- Align guide pin holes in caliper and anchor plate, install guide pin
assemblies.
- Bleed the brake system.
- Install the wheel, lower the vehicle and tighten lug nuts.
Rotors have a minimum thickness stamped into them,
cutting a rotor below this minimum is dangerous and ILLEGAL. A rotor
that's too thin can not disperse the heat generated by the brake system and will
cause pre-mature wear of the pads, overheat the fluid causing brake fad and may
simply break under load. DON'T DO IT!
Don't be surprised if after your all done you start to see
leakage in the boot and seal area. Pistons can get pitted from road
contaminants and when you push it back into the seal this pitted area may cause
the seal to leak. The dust boots, as they're known are critical to life of
the caliper components, check them and replace the boots and seal if they
indicate any wear.
Brake Service
should only be done by a trained professional.